Evan Socrates V. Yap, Faith Q. Baldonado, Carl John O. Salaan,

Earl Ryan M. Aleluya, Jonathan T. Solano

 College of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering

and Mechatronics   Business, Engineering and Technology (BET)

Abstract:  This research presents the development of a machine vision-based system for the automated enumeration of tilapia fingerlings. Aimed at improving efficiency and accuracy in aquaculture operations, the system leverages advanced image processing techniques to detect and count fingerlings in real-time. Using a camera-based imaging, the system automatically captures and processes video feeds to provide accurate counts, reducing the labor-intensive and error-prone manual methods traditionally used in fingerling enumeration. Preliminary results demonstrate the system's high accuracy and potential for scalability in commercial aquaculture settings. The implementation of this technology offers significant operational benefits, including improved efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and a reduction in human error.

Keywords: Machine Vision, Tilapia Fingerlings Enumeration, Automated Aquaculture, Image Processing, Fish Counting System 

Collien Princess C. Pepito 1 , Elaine Krissnell Y. Miral 2 ,

Francis Jann A. Alagon 3, Earl Ryan M. Aleluya 4 ,

Carl John O. Salaan 5 and Cherry Mae G. Villame 6

1 Department of Computer Applications, College of Computer Studies

2,3,4,6 Department of Computer Engineering and Mechatronics,

College of Engineering 5 Graduate School of Engineering

Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology,

Iligan City 9200, Philippines

{collienprincess.pepito 1 , elainekrissnell.miral 2 , francisjann.alagon3} @g.msuiit.edu.ph { earlryan.aleluya 4 , carljohn.salaan 5,

 cherrymae.villame 6 } @g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Food safety is a top concern within food manufacturing facilities, with strict measures in place to ensure the quality and integrity of products. The existing food safety measures typically rely on manual inspections and human vigilance to ensure compliance with safety protocols. These measures, although essential, are prone to human error and limitations in terms of real-time monitoring. Moreover, the global pandemic has underscored the importance of adherence to health and safety guidelines, including the wearing of mask, hairnet and handwash detection system employing pre-trained deep learning models, specifically YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once). A simulation cabin is created designed to replicate proper food safety practices. A detection system is implemented inside the cabin utilizing YOLOv8 to monitor compliance with the hairnet, mask and handwash protocols. The system not only detects these safety measures but also includes functionality to send notifications to supervisors regarding the adherence of workers using the cabin. The model was evaluated on various metrics to assess its accuracy and overall performance. The YOLOv8 model showcases outstanding performance in mask and hairnet detection, along with handwash detection. For mask and harinet detection, it achieved a precision, recall and F1 score of 100%, and mAP of 99.40%. While handwash detection attained a precision, recall and F1 score of 100% and mAP of 92.70%. Moreover, this study aims to impart significant contributions, particularly in the real-time application of health and safety monitoring within food manufacturing settings.

Key Words: deep learning, industrial smart monitoring, object detection, cabin, YOLOv8

Carl John O. Salaan1*, Imman Paradela2,

Jhun Ryan Arnoco3,  and Sheena Alvarez4

1 Project Leader

2 Staff Aide (Research Personnel for Hardware)

3 Staff Aide (Research Personnel for UI Development)

4 Staff Aide (Research Assistant)

*Corresponding Author: carljohn.salaan@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters due to climate change necessitate more effective climate monitoring systems. This study focuses on the development of a network of mini-weather stations with a centralized monitoring system specifically designed for Iligan City, Philippines. Unlike traditional weather forecasting methods that often lack the resolution required for small communities, this research presents a localized approach tailored to barangay-level monitoring. By integrating advanced sensor technology and modern communication systems, the study aims to design and deploy mini-weather stations across selected barangays, develop a robust centralized monitoring platform, and assess the system's performance. This initiative represents a significant advancement in localized climate monitoring, offering real-time, precise weather data that is critical for informed decision-making and enhancing disaster preparedness. Despite certain limitations in geographic coverage, the study marks a pivotal step toward mitigating climate-related risks in Iligan City. The findings contribute valuable insights into the development of accessible, community-focused weather monitoring solutions, laying the groundwork for future innovations in this field. The study underscores the importance of continued research and collaboration to strengthen community resilience against the impacts of climate change

Key Words: centralized weather prediction, mini weather station, GSM-based weather monitoring

Paul B. Bokingkito Jr.1*, Jerina Jean Ecleo

1 Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: pauljr.bokingkito@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The rising incidence of Tuberculosis (TB) presents a significant public health challenge in the Philippines and it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Leveraging advancements in machine learning, this research aims to develop robust and accurate predicting models to address this issue, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 3 to end epidemics. This study compared three-time series prediction techniques—ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), Exponential Smoothing, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)—to improve TB incidence forecasts. Data was collected from the Provincial Department of Health in Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines, and was preprocessed to ensure accuracy. This study evaluated 11 machine learning models, including 4 ARIMA models, 3 Exponential Smoothing models, and 4 LSTM models, using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) as the primary metric to assess model performance. The ARIMA Model IV emerged as the most effective, achieving the lowest RMSE of 48.25, indicating superior accuracy in predicting TB incidence compared to other models. This study highlights the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in enhancing public health decision-making and underscores the need for continued refinement of forecasting models to address global health challenges more effectively.

Key Words: Tuberculosis, Forecasting, Machine Learning, ARIMA, Exponential Smoothing, LSTM 

Hernando Bacosa1, *, Melgie A. Alas2, Peter D. Suson3,

Noel R. Estoperez4, Napoleon Enteria5, Rovick Terife4,

and Mark June Aporador2

1 Department of Environmental Sciences,

School for Interdisciplinary Studies, MSU-IIT

2 Office of Monitoring and Evaluation, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Strategic Initiatives, MSU-IIT

3 MSU-IIT Center for Resiliency, Office of the Vice Chancellor

for Research and Extension, MSU-IIT

4 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, MSU-IIT

5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, MSU-IIT

*Corresponding Author: hernando.bacosa@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Throughout the past decade, the university has had a very high consumption of electricity. High electricity consumption can significantly impact both its financial health and environmental footprint. Furthermore, increased energy consumption results in higher greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change. Energy auditing is one of the first phases of achieving energy efficiency; hence, it is a globally recognized and validated approach. Therefore, this study delivers the first phase of standard energy audit procedures at MSU-IIT. Specifically, the objectives are to quantify and compare the total amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumed by conducting a comprehensive diagnostic energy audit at selected buildings at MSU-IIT. The diagnostic energy audit was applied to determine the major consuming energy items or equipment through an equipment survey and building survey to identify and improve energy efficiency. Also, greenhouse gas emissions, illuminance levels, temperature, and humidity tests were conducted in this study. The results of this study indicate a large amount of energy consumption was found in the air conditioning units and extension devices. The amount of energy consumed is directly proportional to the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study highlights the need for continuous energy auditing at MSU-IIT to attain energy-efficient practices that reduce GHG emissions and potentially minimize operational costs.

Key Words: Energy audit; GHG emissions; SDG; Energy Consumption; Buildings

Ferdinand P. Jamil12

Imelda S. Aniversario3

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CSM

Center for Mathematical and Theoretical Physical Sciences, PRISM

MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

Abstract: An edge e of a graph G is vertex-edge dominated (or ve-dominated) by a vertex v of G if either v is incident to e or v is incident to an edge that is incident to e. A set S of vertices of G is a ve-dominating set of G provided that every edge of G is ve-dominated by a vertex in S. In this note, we present some of the initial results of our study on the vertex-edge domination, particularly in the join, corona, edge corona, square, complementary prism and lexicographic product of graphs. Here we give the characterizations of the ve-dominating sets in graphs under said binary operations. 

Mycah Therese T. Abaya 1 , Jane Ann S. Telmoso 1 ,

Shela Mae O. Lucaser 1 , Kathleen Claire U. Revelo 1 ,

Catherine R. Caño 1,* , Johari M. Abbas 1 ,

Rodel G. Aldema 1 , Daisy Lou L. Polestico 1 John Surname 1 ,

Esther Surname 2 and Author Three 1,*

1 Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: catherine.cano@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The Philippines is particularly vulnerable to the intensifying effects of climate change, especially the increased frequency of extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall. These severe rainstorms can lead to devastating natural disasters like landslides and floods, putting human lives and infrastructure at risk. This study identifies a suitable probability distribution for rainfall across timescales (weekly and monthly) and extreme events (75th and 90 th percentiles) in 11 weather stations in Mindanao for the past 31 years (1992-2022). Partial results indicate that Generalized Extreme-Value (GEV) distribution consistently demonstrated the best fit for weekly data rainfall exceeding the 75 th percentile threshold across all stations.

Key Words: rainfall analysis; extreme events, probability distribution, return period 

Aljo Clair P. Pingal 1* , AJ Jhones S. LAcubtan 1 ,

Kenneth Duhaylungsod 2  and Rochell Coronel 2

1 Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology

2 Ateneo de Davao University

*Corresponding Author: aljoclair.pingal@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: This study focuses primarily on meteorological drought, characterized by a long period of dry spell. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was utilized to precisely measure and quantify this phenomenon. Moreover, a spatio-temporal analysis of drought hazard in Mindanao Philippines using from 1980-2020 was conducted. Results reveals a highly significant Moran’s I statistic (0.522, p < 2.2e-16) indicating strong positive spatial autocorrelation in SPI3 values across the region, meaning that areas with similar precipitation patterns tend to cluster together geographically. The analysis reveals that the majority of Mindanao (74.9%) experiences consistently high precipitation levels, forming extensive High-High clusters particularly in the eastern regions. In contrast, only 10.8% of the area shows Low-Low clusters, primarily in the central and western parts, indicating that while most of Mindanao receives above-average rainfall, there are distinct pockets of drier conditions that could have significant implications for regional water management and agricultural practices.

Key Words: Metorological drought, spatio-temporal analysis, standard precipitation index

Jovenil R. Diaz 1 , Noe Gel B. Roy 1 , Rondel Thesius L. Toreta 1 ,

 Kryzzyl M. Maulas 2 , Alissa Jane S. Mondejar 2 , Vannie Joy T. Resabal 1,2 , Mylah Villacorte-Tabelin 3 , Carlito Baltazar Tabelin 1,2, * ,

1 Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology,

College of Engineering, Mindanao State University-Iligan

Institute of Technology

2 Resource Processing and Technology Center, Research Institute

 of Engineering and Innovative Technology, Mindanao State

University-Iligan Institute of Technology

3 Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: carlito.tabelin@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Climate change, exacerbated by high CO2 emissions from fossil fuel-dependent industries like energy and electricity generation, transportation and construction, is one of the greatest global challenges this century. One strategy to limit CO2 emissions is via carbon capture and storage (CCS), but this approach, while promising, faces issues such as potential earthquakes and geological degradation. An alternative approach is microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), which takes advantage of microorganisms to capture CO2 and store it in calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) minerals. The application of MICP not only sequesters carbon but also improves soil mechanical properties because carbonate minerals can act as binders similar to cement. This study aims to improve soil stability in and enhance the carbon sequestration potential of mined-out areas using MICP. Specifically, this work evaluates the potential of native ureolytic bacterial cultures—Stutzerimonas stutzeri and Bacillus aryabhattai—in carbonate precipitation under various conditions. Soil samples from mined areas were characterized, and bacterial cultures were tested in a microcosm setup to assess different inoculation conditions and their effects on CO2 sequestration and soil stability.

Key Words: Microbially-induced carbonate precipitation; Biomineralization; Mining; Ureolytic bacteria; Carbon sequestration 

Anne-Nora N. Sabirin 1,2 , Sharon Rose M. Tabugo 1,2 ,

Nanette Hope N. Sumaya 1,2 , Sasha Anne L. Valdez 1 ,

Ethel Theresa Alvia 3 and Carlo Stephen O. Moneva 1,*

1 Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics,

Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology,

Iligan City 9200 Philippines

2 Premier Research institute of Science and Mathematics,

Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology,

 Iligan City 9200 Philippines

3 Department of Animal Science, Mindanao State University –

Lanao del Norte Agricultural College,

Lanao del Norte 9223 Philippines

*Corresponding Author: carlostephen.moneva@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Gastrointestinal parasites pose a significant health concern for goats globally, with limited research on goat performance and parasite prevalence in the Philippines; this study aimed to evaluate worm burden and anemia in Crossbreed Anglo-Nubian goats. Bucks that were not dewormed for the last thirty days, were subjected to Egg per Gram (EPG) counting and Faffa Malan Chart (FAMACHA) scoring. The EPG findings indicated that 53.3% of goats had a moderate worm burden, with 13.3% having mild infection, and another 13.3% having heavy infection, while 20% of goats experienced a fatal infection. All animals are suffering from mixed parasitic infection of Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus spp. Strongyloides spp., Moniezia spp. and Eimeria spp. FAMACHA score for all animals revealed that 58.9% of goats scored slightly anemic, while the remaining 32.2% were diagnosed with anemia. Further analysis of the overall performance, infection level, and prevalence of parasite species in the entire goat population is suggested for a more reliable record of parasite incidence on the farm.

Key Words: EPG; FAMACHA; farm; infection; worm burden

Jeanette V. Durante 1* , Roel T. Panisan 1 , Dixie J. Dumaguing 1, 2 ,

and Mark Tristan J. Quimque 1

1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of

Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines

2 Department of Chemistry, College of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Caraga State University, Ampayon,

Butuan City 8600, Philippines

*Corresponding Author: jeanette.durante@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: To combat hypertension-related deaths, research has focused on developing antihypertensive agents targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), with the renin enzyme being a key target for new therapies. In this study, nine pyrimidine- thione derivatives (4a-4i) were synthesized via a microwave-assisted Biginelli-type reaction, differing only in the Ar-group at the C4 position of the pyrimidine ring. The structures were confirmed through mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Antihypertensive potential was evaluated through in silico and in vitro methods. Molecular docking simulations showed that compounds 4b and 4e, containing electron-withdrawing groups (fluoro and nitro) in the meta position of the benzene ring, had the highest binding affinities against renin (PDB ID: 2V0Z), with values of -7.2 and -7.1 kcal/mol, respectively. In vitro tests using the Renin Assay Kit (MAK157, Sigma-Aldrich) revealed that compound 4f, with a para-nitro group, exhibited the highest inhibition at 79.30% at 20 ppm concentration. The compounds also showed excellent druggability, adhering to Lipinski's rule of five with no predicted toxicity risks. These results suggest these lead compounds have strong potential as direct renin inhibitors, paving the way for new antihypertensive therapies.

Key Words: hypertension; renin; pyrimidine-thione; microwave-assisted synthesis; molecular docking

Haniyah Dacsla1, Al James A. Manua2, Rod Vincent E. Borromeo2,

Jean Ranelle Asi2, Merrah Joy Subebe3, Nanette Hope N. Sumaya1, Michael Muhmin E. Manting1, Ma. Reina Suzette B. Madamba1,, Jaime Q. Guihawan3, Carlito Baltazar Tabelin4, Arnel Beltran5,

Aileen H. Orbecido5 , Michael Angelo Promentilla5, Dennis A. Alonzo6,

Irish Mae F. Dalona7, Anne D. Jungblut8, Richard Herrington8,

Ahmad Reza F. Mazahery2, Mylah Villacorte-Tabelin9, 10*

1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines

2 Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines,

Diliman 1101 Quezon City

3Department of Environmental Science, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines

4Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering, Mindanao State University–

Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines

5Department of Chemical Engineering, De LaSalle University, Manila, Philippines

6School of Education, University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia

7College of Arts and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University–Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines

8Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

9 Center for Natural Products and Drug Discovery, PRISM, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines

10 Center for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics Innovation, PRISM, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of

Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines

*Corresponding author: mylah.tabelin@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: In the Philippines, many Indigenous People (IPs) rely on traditional plant-based remedies for healthcare due to their accessibility and affordability. Vaccinium uliginosum (Ayusip) is used by IPs in Tublay, Benguet Province, to treat ailments such as cough, flu, and cancer. This study aims to validate the traditional use of Ayusip by investigating its cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines. Leaves of V. uliginosum were collected, subjected to methanol extraction, and tested for phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity. The phytochemical screening revealed high levels of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins (+++), while alkaloids were present at low levels (+). Antioxidant activity, assessed using the DPPH assay, showed that the methanolic crude extract exhibited a dose-dependent activity, with moderately high scavenging activity (38.97% at 200 mg/mL). The cytotoxic activity of the leaf extracts was evaluated against human lung cancer (A549) and colon cancer (HCT-116) cell lines using various concentrations (0.78 to 100 μg/ml) in the MTT assay. Our results indicated that the n-hexane crude leaf extract exhibited moderate toxicity against HCT-116 (IC50 = 27.99 + 5.51 μg/mL) and slight toxicity against A549 (IC50 = 65.79 + 1.52 μg/mL). The three extracts were further tested for their cytotoxic activity against the normal Human Lung Fibroblast cell line (MRC-5).

The results showed that only the n-hexane extract of V. uliginosum showed a slight cytotoxic activity against MRC-5 (IC50 = 56.37 + 0.96 μg/mL).

Key Words:  A549, HCT-116, MTT assay, Vaccinium uliginosum, cytotoxicity, Indigenous People, medicinal plant 

Darshel Ester Estor 1 and Sharon Rose Tabugo 1,2,*

1 Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University-

Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines.

2 Molecular Systematics and Conservation Genomics Laboratory,

Center for Biodiversity Studies and Conservation (CBSC), Premier

Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines.

*Corresponding Author: sharonrose.tabugo@g.msuiit.edu.ph.

Abstract: Diatoms are vital contributors to aquatic primary production and thrive across diverse environments, making them valuable for monitoring and biotechnology. This study examined diatom composition in a mangrove area and an estuary in Bayug Island, Iligan City, Philippines. Metabarcoding of the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene, conducted using the Illumina MiSeq platform and data processing using the Parallel-Meta-Suite software identified 20,433 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) across four amplicon libraries. The prominent ASVs belong to the following genera: Navicula, Thalassiosira, Chaetoceros, Guinardia, Amphora, and Minidiscus. Alpha diversity using Shannon index shows higher diatom diversity in the estuary, and a correlation between specific species and salinity hinted at environmental disturbances. These diatoms posed potential future applications for ecological treatments, disease prevention, and biotechnology if harnessed. Physico-chemical parameters recorded in the estuary (S1) revealed pH 7.6, salinity 36.6 ppt, and 26.7°C, while the mangrove area (S2) had 30°C, 35 ppt salinity, and pH 7.7. This research provides foundational data for diatom communities and pioneers using next- generation sequencing (NGS) and environmental DNA (eDNA) in diatom studies.

Key Words: eDNA, mangroves, diversity, diatoms, estuary

Abdullah R. Sirad1*, Shiny Rose S. Narit1, Charlyn M. Capulong1,

Safa D. Manala-O1, Rosario L. Reserva2, and Lawrence Jay Canete3

1 College of Economics, Business and Accountancy –

MSU-IIT, Iligan City, Philippines

2 College of Science and Mathematics – MSU-IIT, Iligan City, Philippines

3 College of Law – MSU-Marawi, Marawi City, Philippines

*abdullah.sirad@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Research consistently highlights the critical role of both men and women in community development. The success of community development projects relies on collective effort and shared responsibilities across all community structures.  This study investigates the differences in perceived skills development and participation levels between male and female participants in SDG-driven extension projects, while also exploring how perceived participation and gender influence perceived skills development. A total of 126 respondents from various extension projects were selected through convenience sampling. The study used descriptive statistics, Likert scale responses and the number of SDGs addressed in the extension projects, t-test, and multiple linear regressions with cross sectional data. Diagnostic tests, including the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) for multicollinearity, Breusch-Pagan Test for homoscedasticity, Ramsey RESET Test for omitted variables, and Shapiro-Wilk Test for normality, ensured model reliability. Due to non-normality detected by the Shapiro-Wilk Test, a robust regression was employed in the final model. Findings indicate that women participate more frequently in key SDGs such as No Poverty, Decent Work and Economic Growth, and Quality Education, highlighting their significant role in community development. While perceptions of skills enhancement are generally positive, men report slightly higher levels of perceived skills development. Gaps in participation were observed for SDGs like Clean Water and Sanitation and Affordable and Clean Energy, suggesting opportunities for future project expansion. The study concludes that inclusive engagement strategies and targeted support are crucial for maximizing the impact of SDG-driven community projects, with university extension projects effectively fostering important skills and community engagement to achieve broader sustainable development objectives.

Keywords: Skills Development; SDG Driven Community Projects; State University; Extension Projects; Gender

Primitivo III Cabanes Ragandang 1* , Evedanie G. Beldad 1 ,

Sherifa Rosslaini O. Kadil 1 , and Xeanne  Brixe Malimas 1

1 Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: primitivoiii.ragandang@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: This study examines the representation of Mindanao in Philippine high school history textbooks through a decolonial lens, revealing a significant imbalance in the portrayal of the region compared to the rest of the country. Analyzing over 1,250 pages from six commonly used textbooks, the findings show that Mindanao is mentioned only 15% of the time, with the remaining 85% focused on other parts of the Philippines. This underrepresentation not only marginalizes Mindanao’s rich cultural and historical contributions but also perpetuates a Manila-centric narrative that dominates the nation’s collective memory. The study connects these findings to existing literature, highlighting how this marginalization reflects broader issues of regional inequality and historical injustice. The exclusion of Mindanao from the national historical narrative contributes to the region’s peripheral status and reinforces long-standing social and political divides. This paper calls for a revision of history education in the Philippines to include a more equitable and inclusive representation of all regions, particularly those that have been historically marginalized. Such a decolonial approach to history education is crucial for fostering a more united national identity and addressing the historical injustices that continue to affect the country’s social fabric.

Key Words: decoloniality; history; memory; Mindanao; Philippine history

J-roel Semilla 1* , Shelanee Theresa Ruales 2 , Lowell Lucero 3 ,

Rizalina Gomez 4 , and Vita Caparoso 4

Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: j-roel.semilla@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: With the emergence of Education 4.0, the use of technology in the classroom is even more strengthened by re-imagining the concepts of learning, student, teacher, and school. However, technology can only be pedagogically effective if teachers can use it to meet educational goals. Having sufficient knowledge and skills in the use of technology prepares preservice teachers for the challenging role of designing learner- centered interactive lessons and developing learners' 21st-century skills. This study aims to validate and assess the effectiveness of the developed worktext in the course Technology for Teaching and Learning 1. Using a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-post design, participants included 4 educational technology experts and 215 preservice students at the Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology. A questionnaire checklist and pretest-posttest were utilized for data gathering. Results show that based on the experts’ rating, the worktext is effective on the following criteria: objectives, subject matter, organization and presentation, language and style, and usefulness of the instructional material. Since the preservice teachers scored higher in the posttest than in the pretest, findings revealed that the worktext was found to be effective in improving student’s performance in this teacher education course. Implications and recommendations for future research were also discussed.

Key Words: Instructional Material Development, Worktext, Validation 

Neil M. Martin 1 , Johanna P. Cortes, 2 Jay Rome O. Delos Santos 3 ,

Rizalina G. Gomez 4 , Nona Krislin G. Jopillo 5

Abstract: The indigenous tribe of Higaonons can only be found within the Philippines in Mindanao Island’s northern and central regions. Interestingly, their territory is marked by the bottom and heights of the summit of mountain ranges where their communities are built. The Higaonon tribe is one of the major indigenous groups in Iligan City, Philippines.  The Philippine government works with the Higaonons as citizens of the Philippines and operates through the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) among other provisions formally recognizing their rights. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) ensures the protection and promotion of the interests and well-being of the Indigenous Cultural Communities/ Indigenous Peoples, with due regard to their beliefs. customs, traditions, and institutions, (https:// ncip.gov.ph.). Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a specific right granted to Indigenous Peoples recognized in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), which aligns with their universal right to self-determination. Anchored on the legal mandates stipulated hereto, and the SDG # 3 Health and Wellness, a qualitative inquiry is designed to examine the maternal healthcare needs of young Higaonon mothers. The research design comes in 4 phases: Pre-entry, Entry, Implementation, and Evaluation respectively. Each of the phases is distinct by the research process activities to attain goal statements. In the case of Barangay Rogongon, Iligan City, young Higaonon mothers face unique challenges owing to the gaps that prompted the research team to delve into the rudiments and rigors of the FPIC in research studies with Indigenous peoples (IPs).

Keywords: maternal health care, young Higaonon mothers, experiences

Danilyn T. Abingosa1, Paul B. Bokingkito, Jr2, Sittie Noffaisah B. Pasandalan3, Jed B. Otano4, and Jay Rey G. Alovera5

1 Departamento ng Filipino at Panitikan, CASS, MSU-IIT

2 Department of Information Technology, CCS, MSU-IIT

3 Department of English CASS, MSU-IIT

4 Department Sociology, CASS, MSU-IIT

2 Department of History, CASS, MSU-IIT

danilyn.abingosa@g.msuiit.edu.ph

pauljr.bokingkito@g.msuiit.edu.ph

sittie.pasandalan@g.msuiit.edu.ph

jed.otano@g.msuiit.edu.ph

jayrey.alovera@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Isa ang wikang Higaonon [mba] sa mga wikang sinasalita ng mga indihenus na pangkat sa Mindanao. Ayon sa pag-aaral nina Zorc et al. (2023), ang wikang Higaonon na tinatawag ding Higaonon Manobo, Hinigaunon, and Misamis Higaonon Manobo ay isa sa mga wikang Manobo na nabibilang sa Greater Center Philippines na grupo ng mga wika sa bansa.  Bagaman hindi nabibilang ang Higaonon sa mga wika sa Pilipinas na nanganganib nang mawala, may pangangailangan pa ring maidokumento ang wikang ito. Kaunay nito, nilalayon ng pag-aaral na ito na makasulat ng diksyunaryong kultural ng wikang Higaonon na sinasalita sa Opol, Misamis Oriental. Ginamit bilang impormante sa pag-aaral ang mga neytib ispiker ng wikang Higaonon na naninirahan sa anim (6) na barangay ng Opol. Sa pagsasagawa ng pag-aaral na ito, ginamit ang etnograpik na pamamaraan sa pananaliksik. Ginamit naman ang linggwistik na pamamaraan sa pagdodokumento at pag-aanalisa ng datos. Nilikom ang mga datos sa pamamagitan ng personal na pakikipanayam sa mga impormante. Bahagi rin ng proseso ng pangongolekta ng mga datos ang personal na obserbasyon at pakikilahok sa ilang kultural na gawain sa komunidad tulad ng pagdarasal at pagsasagawa ng ritwal. Samantala, ang mga leksikon na makikita sa loob ng diksyunaryo ay inuri batay sa semantik na domeyn nito.

Key Words: leksikograpiya; leksikon, diksyunaryo; Higaonon

Loi Vincent C. Deriada1, Michael B. Frondoza2,

Calixto G. Elnas, Jr.3,Djamae L. Manzanares4 ,

Rizalina G. Gomez5,  & Bernadette F. Tubo6

1 College of Arts and Social Sciences, MSU-IIT

2 College of Science and Mathematics, MSU-IIT

3 College of Science and Mathematics, MSU-IIT

4 College of Science and Mathematics, MSU-IIT

5 College of Education, MSU-IIT

6 College of Science and Mathematics, MSU-IIT

loivincent.deriada@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Exploring innovative resources, such as Open Educational Resources (OERs), is of significant value in the teaching-learning process. This study focuses on the use of OERs among the faculty members of the Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT), aiming to enhance accessibility and leverage the usage of OERs within the university. This research contributes to the development and implementation of OERs in classroom settings. It is paramount for both university administrators and faculty members, as it offers crucial insights that can shape initiatives aimed at fostering the proficient utilization of OERs within academic institutions. With the rising importance of resource optimization and cost-effective educational strategies, the findings of this research have the potential to guide administrators in formulating policies that facilitate the seamless integration of OERs. Additionally, the study's insights hold practical implications for faculty members, offering them guidance on how to effectively incorporate OERs into their teaching methods. The scope of the study is limited to the faculty members of MSU-IIT. A descriptive survey methodology was employed, with Slovin’s formula used to determine the sample size. Respondents were selected through a stratified random sampling procedure. The questionnaires were reviewed by both internal and external validators, and received approval by the research ethics committee before being disseminated to the respondents.

Key Words:  OERS; digital; technologies; utilization; teaching-learning

Eloida Grace Sanchez 1 , Jerina Jean Ecleo 2* , and Adrian Galido 3

1 2 3 MSU - Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: jerinajean.ecleo@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Barangay Health Centers, in the Philippine context, play a crucial role in providing primary healthcare services to the local communities. Community health workers provide general consultations, maternity and postnatal treatment, immunization, family planning, health education, and tackling infectious diseases. and drug distribution. The objective of this study is to explore the data strategy of select barangay health centers in Iligan City. Through the lens of data literacy and data analytics capabilities of community health workers. This exploratory study was conducted through a workshop-based approach and descriptive statistics for analysis. Survey questionnaires and assessment tools were adapted to examine 30 community health workers' literacy levels and perceptions of data use. While BHCs generally perceive data analytics positively in their current data management practices, findings revealed uneven data literacy and analytics capabilities in data foundation and applications. Strengths were identified in reading, writing, and culture, but weaknesses were evident in data foundation, comprehension, analytics-strategy alignment, and operations and structure. Insights driven in this study can inform the development of targeted initiatives to enhance BHCs and the City Health Office’s data strategy. Future research should explore longitudinal trends, comparative analysis, and case studies of other public and private health units to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between data literacy and analytics to improve patient care and health outcomes.

Key Words: data analytics capability; data-driven decision making; data literacy; healthcare

*Art Brian S. Escabarte 1 , Clarence Bien L. Nebres 1 , Jiddo Andrei G. Maranda 1 , Rambe C. Ramel 1 , Muhammad M. Putting 1 , Amado S. Exile III 1

1 Mindanao State University Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: artbrian.escabarte@g.msuiit.edu.ph

 Abstract:

Background: The head-tilt, chin-lift technique is one of the keys in overcoming

obstruction in upper airway for unconscious person. Ventilation is very important when  the arrest has a respiratory cause. Without the head-tilt–chin-lift technique, any passive ventilation during chest compression may only generate tidal volumes smaller than anatomic dead space (Deakin, 2011). Anesthesiologists typically maintain airway patency in spontaneously breathing or artificially ventilated patients who are anesthetized using chin lift with some head tilt (Sayre et.al. 2010). In addition to that, cervical instability affects less than 4% of patients who have serious blunt trauma, a group with notoriously poor outcomes when cardiac arrest occurs (Sayre et.al. 2010). The American College of Emergency Physicians recommends chin lift (plus, if necessary, limited head tilt) for airway patency even in an injured patient (American College of Emergency Physicians; 2008). All these references point to the importance of Head-tilt, Chin-lift maneuver in clearing the airway of patients and providing maximum ventilation, increasing the chances of survival for patients.

Key Words: Head tilt chin lift position; platform; 3D prototype; bag-valve ventilation; intubation

Maria Camilla Ann R. Llamas, Cenie M. Vilela-Malabanan

and Dante D. Dinawanao

Center of Pedagogical Innovations

Abstract: The advancement of technology has revolutionized education through the emergence of Learning Management Systems (LMS). However, the effectiveness of LMS depends not only on its features but also on its user experience (UX). This factor has a direct impact on how users perceive the platform and their intention to use it. This study investigates the user experiences within a public university's virtual learning environment. Understanding of user perspectives was achieved through focus group discussions (FGD), supplemented with User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) and Pedagogical Usability to collect quantitative data. Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data revealed usability issues and design principles that participants find valuable to enhance their online learning experience. The user experiences were documented to contribute to the continuous improvement of the virtual learning environment platform. The findings can guide further research on addressing UX issues to enhance LMS effectiveness.

Keywords: User Experience (UX), Learning Management System 

Ruben Menchavez* , Luwayne Claire Duran,

Jeaph Kaye Anne Gadiane and Adrian Murio

Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology,

College of Engineering, MSU-Iligan Institute of

Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines

*Corresponding Author: ruben.menchavez@g.msuiit.edu.ph; (063) 223–2351

Abstract: Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are conveniently produced by the slip casting method, but it is time-consuming to manufacture. This problem is alleviated by heating the ceramic slurry in a porous mold under a microwave field to produce dense ceramics. This method has not been explored for porous ceramic molding using a ceramic slurry formulated from raw red clay. Therefore, this study demonstrates the microwave-induced slip casting of ceramic water filters using red clay-based slurries. The ceramic slurries were prepared with 68 wt% solids loading consisting of silica, red clay, and limestone. The ceramic slurries were optimally dispersed with 0.563 wt% sodium silicate to exhibit shear-thinning behavior suitable for casting. A modified domestic microwave oven with three power levels and a temperature sensor was used to optimize the casting thickness of the ceramic filters. A minimum holding time of 20 minutes was found to give a maximum casting thickness of 12.6 mm at 55oC and 100% microwave power level. The resulting fired CWFs have apparent porosities of 41 to 43%, corresponding to flow rates of 9.76 L/hr to 18.68 L/hr. Both bulk density (1.37-1.32 g/cm3) and compressive strength (1.25-0.83 MPa) decreased with increasing porosity. The filtrate test showed turbidity in the range of 0.28 NTU to 0.43 NTU and increasing pH from 8.66 to 8.73. These results emphasize that the microwave slip casting process is effective in producing a high-flow ceramic water filter capable of converting contaminated water into potable water.

Key Words: Raw red clay, microwave-induced slip, ceramic water filter, filtration.

Edison A. Limbaga1,2, Sean Kenneth E. Manlupig1,2, Corinne Iris V. Cahimtong1,2, Rojellyn M. Baldago1,2, Adrian Keith Caamino1,2, Liezl M. Jabile1,2, Lori Ann I. Cabalo1,2, Ivyleen B. Arugay1,2 ,

Vannie Joy T. Resabal1,2, Masayoshi Fuji3 ,

Raymond V.Rivera-Virtudazo1,2*

John Surname1, Esther Surname 2 and Author Three1,*

1Advanced Porous Ceramic Particles (APCerP) Lab.,Ceramic Researches for Engineering Advanced Technology & Environment (CREATE) Lab,

Research Center for Advanced Ceramics (RCAC), Research Institute for Engineering and Innovative Technology (RIEIT),

2Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology,

College of Engineering, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines

3Advanced Ceramics Research Center (ACRC), Nagoya Institute of Technology, Tajimi 507-0071, Japan

*Corresponding Author: raymondrivera.virtudazo@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Fly ash from coal fired power stations is a potential raw material for the production of ceramic tiles, bricks and blocks. Previous study has demonstrated that by treating fly ash with acid solution it can change its microstructural morphology making it suitable for microporous ceramics. In this study, acid treated coal fly ash was investigated for non-firing ceramics bodies. The fly ash samples came from a coal-fired power plant and was acid-treated. The fabrication process involves mixing thoroughly the fly ash and alkali activator. After mixing the materials, it was casted in a mold welded in a steel frame, cured, aged and tested for its physicochemical characteristics. Observed results demonstrated that the non-firing ceramic bodies of acid-treated fly ash (FADE) resulted to a changed in its physical, chemical, and morphological properties that implores a novel process for coal fly ash for microporous

ceramic applications.

Key Words: microporous ceramics; coal fly ash; Acid treatment process

Sean Kenneth E. Manlupig1*, Liezl Jabile1,2, Junnosuke Aramachi3,

Koya Funahashi3, Masayoshi Fuji3, Ivyleen B. Arugay1,2, Adrian Keith Caamino1,2, Jade P. Cahigao1, Corinne Iris V. Cahimtong1, Edison A. Limbaga1, Raymond V. Rivera-Virtudazo1,2*

1Advanced Porous Ceramic Particles (APCerP) Lab.,Ceramic Researches for Engineering Advanced Technology &

Environment (CREATE) Lab, Research Center for Advanced Ceramics (RCAC), Research Institute for Engineering and Innovative Technology (RIEIT),

2Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology,

College of Engineering,

Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology,

Iligan City, Philippines

3Advanced Ceramics Research Center (ACRC), Nagoya Institute of Technology, Tajimi 507-0071, Japan

*Corresponding Author: raymondrivera.virtudazo@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The study presents the investigation of amorphous silicate materials (ASM) from agricultural wastes sourced from South-Central Mindanao, Philippines. Studies reveal the properties of ASM including Particle Size Analysis, Adsorption-Desorption, TGDTA, FTIR, XRD, XRF, SEM and Thermal Conductivity Analysis. Results reveal that the properties of ASP could potentially contribute in developing functional materials using novel techniques intended for thermal management applications.

Key Words: Amorphous silica; rice husks; concrete; thermal conductivity

Lester G. Librado, Carl John O. Salaan,

Francis Jann A. Alagon and Jonathan T. Solano

College of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering and Mechatronics Business, Engineering and Technology (BET) 

Abstract:  Flash flood is a naturally occurring calamity specially in tropical countries like the Philippines. The wreckage and grief caused by Typhoon “Sendong” emphasized the need for an Early Warning System (EWS) specifically for flash flood applications. This study focuses on the development of the hybrid communication for Early Warning Floater System for Flash flood application which will operate by sending notification from the upstream location to a direct siren alarm system located downstream and to the disaster management authorities. Using LoRa and GSM wireless communication technologies the data acquired and processed by the Early Warning Floater will then be sent to both siren alarm system and the disaster management authorities. During the initial testing for the system, the Lora-Lora communication is observed to have a communication linkage for around 3 Km. Consequently, the GSM-GSM communication module is a success. The next goal for the project is to integrate all the elements into a one system including the new proposed platform for the floater and test is communication in actual environmental scenario.

Earl Ryan M. Aleluya1, *, Melody Mae O. Maluya2, Steve E. Clar2,

Joel G. Opon 3 and Carl John O. Salaan4

1Department of Computer Engineering and Mechatronics College of Engineering, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

2Department of Information Technology, College of Computer Studies,

MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

3Department of Civil Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

4Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

*Corresponding Author: earlryan.aleluya@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Road inspection maintains safe and efficient transportation infrastructure. However, existing UAV-based road inspection systems struggle in environments lacking clear lane markings, regular surfaces, and unobstructed views. Unstructured roads—characterized by the absence of lane markings, irregular surfaces, and obstructions like trees and debris—pose significant challenges to these systems. This study introduces an Aerial-Based Pavement Distress Detection system designed to overcome these challenges. The system employs a pipeline detection method that integrates YOLOv8 for road lane and pavement panel detections, Bitwise AND Masking Operation, and Vision Transformer for classifying pavement panels as distressed or non-distressed. A new dataset, DistressUAS, is also introduced, comprising three subsets: DTLane for road lane detection, DTPanel for pavement panel detection, and DTDistress for binary classification of pavement conditions. The system was trained on extensive datasets: 29,755 road lane images, 31,815 pavement panel images, and 85,108 panel classification images. The detection models performed exceptionally well, achieving 99.98% precision in lane detection, 97.36% in panel detection, and 97.27% in panel classification. The experimental results showed that the Automated Pavement Distress Detection system demonstrated a high accuracy of 96.67% in predicting road pavement conditions.

Key Words: unmanned aerial vehicles; pavement distress; road transportation; unstructured road; road inspection

Michael Ray Maligro1* , Donato Juayang Jr.1, Alan Pierre-Miguel Gultia1, Paula Alexandra Padro1,Ben James Cuajotor 1 ,

Michael Caleb Obalan1 , Dynah Ruiza Opeso 1 ,Kristy Lailanie Ompad 1 , Sherwin Guirnaldo 1  Noel Hernandez 1 , Carl John Salaan 1 ,

Jonathan Maglasang 2

1 Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology

2 Cebu Technological University

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology

*Corresponding Author: michaelray.maligro0808@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The development of cost-efficient unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is crucial for enhancing the operational capabilities of both military and search and rescue (SAR) missions. This paper focuses on engineering a semi-disposable tactical drone using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, aimed at reducing costs while maintaining performance and reliability. The primary goal is to create a drone that can be deployed in high-risk environments where traditional, more expensive UAVs may not be viable. The scope of this project includes the design, aerodynamic optimization, and assembly of a fixed-wing drone, with particular emphasis on using lightweight, low-cost materials such as foam board. The drone’s design is streamlined to ensure ease of assembly and operational efficiency, making it suitable for rapid deployment. Theoretical frameworks involving aerodynamic simulations using tools like DATCOM and XFLR5 are employed to optimize the drone's performance. The integration of COTS components ensures that the drone is not only cost-effective but also easily replicable. The study demonstrates that a balance between cost and functionality can be achieved without compromising the drone's operational effectiveness. The results indicate that the drone meets the necessary performance criteria for SAR and tactical missions, proving that a low-cost, semi-disposable UAV is a viable solution for modern operational challenges. This approach offers a scalable and practical alternative for mission-critical operations, ensuring accessibility without significant financial burden

Key Words: Semi-disposable UAV; Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Components; Aerodynamics

Beth Camille C. Amba1 , KC Mae Lagunay2 , Napoleon A. Enteria3

1 Energy Environment Interaction Laboratory (E2I), Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology,  Iligan City, Philippines

*Corresponding Author: Napoleon A. Enteria (napoleon.enteria@g.msuiit.edu.ph)

Abstract: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are indispensable tools that are vital in regulating indoor temperature, humidity, and air quality across diverse environments. Developing efficient heat exchangers has been of utmost importance in the quest to optimize such systems in various industrial settings. Turbulence generators (TG) have been extensively used to improve the heat transfer performance of various heat exchangers. However, there is a limited study on the effect of turbulence generators within membrane-based heat exchangers. The need for established design and configuration parameters for generating turbulence impedes their ability to reach their full potential regarding thermal efficiency. The study utilized Ansys Fluent software to simulate fluid flow, mass, and heat transfer within the heat exchanger across various operational scenarios. It was observed that TGs improved thermal performance within the channel compared to a plain channel design. Notably, an inline TG configuration showed better thermal performance than an staggered arrangement. Furthermore, the study outlines quarter circle TG configuration with 3 mm diameter and 4 mm high that is most promising among others in the staggered array. Membrane-based heat exchanger performance was significantly improved by incorporating optimized turbulence generators. Specifically, the plate with turbulence generators achieved the highest efficiency of 79.4 % at a mass flow rate of 0.000117 kg/s.

Key Words: Membrane-based heat exchanger, Turbulence generator, Ansys Fluent, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis Heat transfer, Mass transfer

Ivyleen C. Bernardo-Arugay* , Vannie Joy T. Resabal,

Christian Julle C. Saladaga, Jade P. Cahigao, Elly U. Aligno Jr.,

Mary Jane G. Zozobrado, Raymond V. Rivera-Virtudazo

 1Ceramic Researches for Engineering Advanced Technology & Environment (CREATE) Lab., and Research Center for Advanced Ceramics (RCAC),

2Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology,

 College of Engineering,

Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology,

Iligan City, Philippines

*Corresponding Author: ivyleen.arugay@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: Outdoor activities, particularly sports, are among the most physically demanding and frequently result in injuries. To reduce these risks, the development of protective gear, such as protective pads, is essential. This research aims to develop a polymer-silt composite utilizing locally sourced materials, specifically mine wastes (MW) obtained from siltation ponds within the mining industry. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of silty mine waste with Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR). The primary objective of this study is to fabricate a prototype protective pad and evaluate its mechanical properties. The MW filler was prepared by air-drying and subsequently pulverized to achieve a refined particle size. The characterization of the silt involved determining its specific gravity, particle size distribution, color, magnetic content, and physico-chemical properties. The physico-chemical analysis included measurements of viscosity, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and bulk conductivity. Sodium silicate was used to modify the surface of the filler to make it compatible with the polymer matrix. The MW-polyester composite was synthesized using the in-situ polymerization technique. Particles smaller than 38 microns were found to make up 62.16% of the mine waste population. The specific gravity of untreated and treated 38-μm magnetic-free MW was 2.469 and 2.588, respectively, while the pH values were 9.3 and 10.1, with a maximum deflocculant demand of 1 wt% sodium silicate. The increased pH indicates that the MW became more basic with the addition of Na-silicate. The mechanical properties of the composite will be determined by conducting flexural, tensile, and compressive tests.

Key Words: polymer-silt composite; silty mine waste; unsaturated polyester; physico-chemical properties; in-situ polymerization

Leo Cristobal C. Ambolode II 1,2,*, Diamond C. Domato 1,2,

Art Anthony Z. Munio 3, and Mark Ian M. Aseniero 2

1Department of Physics, Mindanao State University –

Iligan Institute of Technology

A. Bonifacio Avenue, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines

2 Center for Nanoscience Research, Premier Research Institute of Technology (PRISM), Mindanao State

University – Iligan Institute of Technology, A. Bonifacio Avenue,

9200 Iligan City, Philippines

3 College of Arts and Sciences, Jose Rizal Memorial State University, 7116 Tampilisan, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

*Corresponding Author: leocristobal.ambolode@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: The effectiveness of composite materials can be attributed to the bonding characteristics at the nanoscale and the resulting properties related to their structure. This study investigates the interactions, electronic, and optical properties of carbon nanothread (NTH) also known as diamond nanothread (DNT), and epoxy composites through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Three distinct orientations of epoxy with respect to the DNT are constructed and are labeled as DNT/epoxy – 1, DNT/epoxy –2, and DNT/epoxy – 3. The optimized configurations, minimum distances, binding energies, and charge transfers between the systems are calculated. The results reveal minimum distances between the non-hydrogen atoms of DNT and epoxy ranging from 3.56 Å to 3.64 Å, suggesting long-range interactions between the subsystems. Low binding energies and minimal charge transfers are also obtained in all structures. In addition, the charge density difference (CDD) and Electron Localization Function (ELF) plots demonstrate non-bonded interactions confirming the weak interactions between the DNT and epoxy. As a result, only minor modifications in the electronic structures and optical absorption spectra are observed. Overall, the electronic and optical properties of DNT in all configurations are well preserved. This behavior aligns with similar reports on carbon nanomaterials’ interactions with polymers, enhancing our understanding of their potential applications in composite materials.

Key Words: composite; diamond nanothread; epoxy; density functional theory

Romel Mark B. Irabon1,3*, Rustom R. Hibone3,

Francis Kirby B. Burnea2,3,

Giovanni J. Paylaga1,3, Leo Cristobal C. Ambolode II1,3

1Department of Physics, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga,

9200 Iligan City, Philippines 2Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Avenue,

Tibanga, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines 3Center for Nanoscience Research, Premiere Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM),

Mindanao State

University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines

Email: romelmark.irabon@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: A crucial step in technological and economic advancement is when we begin to universalize clean and renewable energy as the main sustainable source for industrial and public use. One candidate, Hydrogen, is the lightest and most abundant element with a very high energy per unit mass making it a suitable energy storage and harness. Aiming towards commercialization, solid-state hydrogen storages, such as metal hydrides were highly explored for the past decades. Another immerging hydrogen storage materials are metal oxides owing to their high affinity to hydrogen, catalytic activity, reversibility, and the presence of oxygen vacancy defects that are found to increase hydrogen storage capacity. However, searching the vast chemical space of these materials to find the optimal one will take years of research. To expedite the process, our team explored a combination of Machine Learning and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methodology to predict hydrogen storage properties of metal oxides. Since data on metal oxides is scarce, we leverage on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA), a subclass of transfer learning, to bridge learning across two chemical subspaces or domains, mainly, metal hydrides as source and metal oxides. The transferability of the three UDA models, KLIEP, ULSIF, NNW with XGBoost as the base estimator were evaluated. Feature importance revealed that valence electron concentration greatly impacts the hydrogen storage capacity of the materials. Further studies involve DFT analysis selected Metal Oxides from predicted results for the hydrogen storage and electronic

properties.

Key Words: Machine Learning; Domain Adaptation; DFT; Metal Oxides; Hydrogen Storage

Miceh Rose D. Magdadaro 1,2,* , Aldrin R. Lalem 1 ,

Roberto M. Malaluan 3 , Arnold A. Lubguban 3 ,

Arnold C. Alguno 1,4 , and Noel Lito B. Sayson 1,4,*

1 Research Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines

2 Mindanao State University-Lanao del Norte Agricultural College Ramain, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte, 9223

3 Center for Sustainable Polymers, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines

4 Department of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines

*Corresponding Author: micehrose.magdadaro@g.msuiit.edu.ph, noellito.sayson@g.msuiit.edu.ph

Abstract: In pursuit of thermal comfort, people adapt and modify their thermal environment by depending on the mechanical systems in the built environment, which have become the norm. Using these technologies may provide thermal comfort but lead to high energy consumption. The utilization of insulation materials like rigid polyurethane (PU) foam provides energy efficiency and sustainability in the building while giving thermal comfort inside an indoor environment. This study will focus on synthesizing rigid PU foams utilizing bio-based polyol, an alternative replacement to petroleum-based polyol, as an energy-efficient insulation material. Taking advantage of the property of phase change material, we will directly incorporate n-octadecane

into PU formulation to enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of rigid PU foams. Furthermore, this study will also address the environmental problem by minimizing CO 2 emissions while providing thermal comfort.

Key Words: paraffin, micro-encapsulated PCM, energy efficient, coconut oil-based polyol, insulation material